Gross capacity85 kWh
- Usable
- Unknown
- Cells
- 7,104
- Modules
- 16
NCAModel S
5/11 specs known · 4 sources
All manufacturers
Cell manufacturer · Osaka, Japan
Panasonic Energy
Tesla's longest-standing cell partner. Panasonic supplied 18650 cells for the Model S and Model X from its Japanese plants and produces 2170 cells inside Gigafactory Nevada for Model 3 and Model Y packs assembled there.
Also known as: Sanyo (acquired by Panasonic)
Tesla packs with Panasonic cells
Gross capacity90 kWh
- Usable
- Unknown
- Cells
- 7,104
- Modules
- 16
NCAModel S
5/11 specs known · 3 sources
Gross capacity75 kWh
- Usable
- Unknown
- Cells
- Unknown
- Modules
- Unknown
NCAModel S
2/11 specs known · 2 sources
Gross capacity103 kWh+2 other figures
- Usable
- 98.4 kWh
- Cells
- 8,256
- Modules
- 16
NCAModel SModel X
7/11 specs known · 3 sources
Gross capacity100 kWh+1 other figure
- Usable
- Unknown
- Cells
- Unknown
- Modules
- 5
UndisclosedModel SModel X
4/11 specs known · 4 sources
1C
Gross capacity53.1 kWh
- Usable
- 49 kWh
- Cells
- 2,976
- Modules
- Unknown
NCAModel 3
5/11 specs known · 2 sources
1L
Gross capacity55 kWh
- Usable
- 51 kWh
- Cells
- 2,976
- Modules
- Unknown
NCAModel 3
5/11 specs known · 1 sources
3
Gross capacity77.8 kWh+2 other figures
- Usable
- Disputed
- Cells
- 4,416
- Modules
- 4
NCAModel 3
6/11 specs known · 6 sources
3L
Gross capacity82.1 kWh+1 other figure
- Usable
- 76 kWh
- Cells
- 4,416
- Modules
- 4
NCAModel 3Model Y
6/11 specs known · 6 sources
Manufacturing sites
Panasonic Energy · Japan
DocumentedPlant not disclosed · marker at headquarters · since 2010
Panasonic's Suminoe plant in Osaka began producing the 3.1 Ah 18650 cell for the Model S in 2010. A 2019 report said Panasonic's Japanese plants were still supplying 18650 cells for the Model S and X, without naming them, so this marker stands for Panasonic's Japanese 18650 production in general.
Panasonic Energy at Gigafactory Nevada
DocumentedStorey County, Nevada, United States · since Jan 2017
Panasonic's 2170 cell lines inside Tesla's Nevada Gigafactory, in mass production since January 2017.
Panasonic Energy De Soto
DocumentedDe Soto, Kansas, United States · since Jul 2025
Panasonic's Kansas plant began mass-producing 2170 cells in July 2025. Panasonic describes it as serving multiple customers; no supply relationship with a specific Tesla factory is documented here.
Supply relationships
Panasonic Energy · JapanTesla Fremont FactoryDocumented
Panasonic agreed in 2011 to supply Model S cells. In 2019, Japanese plants were still supplying 18650 cells for the S and X.
Panasonic Energy at Gigafactory NevadaGigafactory NevadaDocumented
Cells are produced and assembled into packs on the same campus.
Cells
Panasonic 18650 (Model S/X)
18650 · NCA · 3.1 Ah
Panasonic began delivering its 3.1 Ah 18650 cell to Tesla in 2010 and agreed in 2011 to supply cells for more than 80,000 vehicles. Revised versions of the cell went into the 85, 90 and 100 kWh packs.
Panasonic 18650 (2021 Model S/X)
18650
The refreshed Model S and Model X kept the 18650 format, but in a new five-module pack. Tesla did not publish the cell's specifications.
Panasonic 2170 (first generation)
2170 · NCA
Jointly designed by Tesla and Panasonic and mass-produced at Gigafactory Nevada from January 2017. EV Database labels this generation 2170C.
Panasonic 2170L
2170 · NCA
A higher-capacity revision of the Panasonic 2170 that raised the Long Range pack to roughly 82 kWh from late 2020.
Sources: Engadget · Panasonic Newsroom · The Christian Science Monitor